Kutuzov through his spy received on November 1st news that placed the army he commanded in an almost desperate position. The spy reported that the French, after crossing the bridge at Vienna in immense force, were advancing toward Kutuzov's line of communication with the troops that were arriving from Russia. If Kutuzov decided to remain at Krems, Napoleon's army of one hundred and fifty thousand men would cut him off completely and surround his exhausted army of forty thousand, and he would find himself in the position of Mack at Ulm. If Kutuzov decided to abandon the road communicating with the troops from Russia, he would have to march with no road into unknown parts of the Bohemian mountains, defending himself against superior forces of the enemy and abandoning all hope of a junction with Buxhowden. If Kutuzov decided to retreat along the road from Krems to Olmütz to unite with the troops from Russia, he risked being forestalled on that road by the French who had crossed the Vienna bridge, and encumbered by his baggage and transport, having to accept battle on the march against an enemy three times as strong, who would hem him in from two sides.

Kutuzov chose this last course.

The French, the spy reported, having crossed the Vienna bridge, were advancing by forced marches toward Znaim, which lay a hundred versts off on the line of Kutuzov's retreat. If he reached Znaim before the French, there was great hope of saving the army; to let the French forestall him at Znaim meant certain exposure of his whole army to a disgrace such as that of Ulm, or to utter destruction. But to forestall the French with his whole army was impossible. The road for the French from Vienna to Znaim was shorter and better than the road for the Russians from Krems to Znaim.

The night he received the news, Kutuzov sent Bagration's vanguard, four thousand strong, to the right across the hills from the Krems-Znaim to the Vienna-Znaim road. Bagration was to make this march without resting, and to halt facing Vienna with Znaim to his rear, and if he succeeded in forestalling the French he was to delay them as long as possible. Kutuzov himself with all his transport took the road to Znaim.

Marching with hungry, shoeless soldiers, with no road, across the mountains, on a stormy night, forty-five versts, and losing a third of his men as stragglers by the way, Bagration came out on the Vienna-Znaim road at Hollabrunn a few hours before the French who were approaching Hollabrunn from Vienna. Kutuzov still had to march a whole day and night with his transport wagons to reach Znaim, and therefore, to save the army, Bagration had to hold back the whole enemy army meeting him at Hollabrunn for a whole day and night with his four thousand hungry, exhausted soldiers, which was evidently impossible. But a strange fate made the impossible possible. The success of the trick that had placed the Vienna bridge in the hands of the French without a fight led Murat to try to deceive Kutuzov in a similar way. Murat, on meeting Bagration's weak detachment on the Znaim road, thought it was Kutuzov's whole army. To be able to crush it absolutely he awaited the arrival of the rest of the troops who were on their way from Vienna, and with this object offered a three days' armistice on condition that neither army should change its position or move from where it was. Murat asserted that negotiations for peace were already proceeding, and that he therefore offered this armistice to avoid useless bloodshed. Count Nostitz, the Austrian general occupying the advanced posts, believed Murat's emissary and retired, leaving Bagration's detachment exposed. Another emissary rode to the Russian line to announce the peace negotiations and to offer the Russian army the three days' armistice. Bagration replied that he was not authorized either to accept or refuse an armistice, and sent his adjutant to Kutuzov to report the offer he had received.

An armistice was Kutuzov's only chance to gain time, to give Bagration's exhausted detachment a rest, and to let the transport and baggage trains (whose movements were concealed from the French) advance if but one stage nearer Znaim. The offer of an armistice gave the only, and quite unexpected, chance of saving the army. On receiving this news, Kutuzov immediately dispatched Adjutant General Wintzingerode, who was in attendance on him, to the enemy camp. Wintzingerode was not merely to agree to the armistice but also to offer terms of capitulation, and meanwhile Kutuzov sent his adjutants back to hasten to the utmost the movements of the transport wagons of the whole army along the Krems-Znaim road. Bagration's exhausted and hungry detachment was alone to cover this movement of the transport and of the whole army by remaining stationary in face of an enemy eight times as strong.

Kutuzov's expectations that the proposals of capitulation, which were not binding in any way, might give time for part of the transport to pass, and also that Murat's mistake would very soon be discovered, proved correct. As soon as Bonaparte, who was at Schönbrunn, twenty-five versts from Hollabrunn, received Murat's dispatch with the proposal of an armistice and a capitulation, he detected the deception and wrote the following letter to Murat:

Au prince Murat. Schoenbrunn, 25 brumaire en 1805 à huit heures du matin.

"Il m'est impossible de trouver des termes pour vous exprimer mon mécontentement. Vous ne commandez que mon avant-garde et vous n'avez pas le droit de faire d'armistice sans mon ordre. Vous me faites perdre le fruit d'une campagne. Rompez l'armistice sur-le-champ et marchez à l'ennemi. Vous lui ferez déclarer, que le général qui a signé cette capitulation, n'avait pas le droit de le faire, qu'il n'y a que l'Empereur de Russie qui ait ce droit.

"Toutes les fois cependant que l'Empereur de Russie ratifierait la dite convention, je la ratifierai; mais ce n'est qu'une ruse. Marchez, détruisez l'armée russe... vous êtes en position de prendre son bagage et son artillerie.

"L'aide-de-camp de l'Empereur de Russie est un... Les officiers ne sont rien quand ils n'ont pas de pouvoirs: celui-ci n'en avait point... Les Autrichiens se sont laissé jouer pour le passage du pont de Vienne, vous vous laissez jouer par un aide-de-camp de l'Empereur. Napoléon." [To Prince Murat. Schönbrunn, 25 Brumaire, 1805, at eight o'clock in the morning. "It is impossible for me to find words to express my displeasure to you. You command only my vanguard, and you have no right to make an armistice without my order. You cause me to lose the fruits of a campaign. Break the armistice immediately and march against the enemy. You will declare to him that the general who signed that capitulation had no right to do so, that only the Emperor of Russia has that right. "However, if the Emperor of Russia should ratify the said convention, I will ratify it; but it is only a ruse. March on, destroy the Russian army... you are in a position to take its baggage and its artillery. "The Emperor of Russia's aide-de-camp is a... Officers are nothing when they have no powers: this one had none... The Austrians let themselves be tricked over the crossing of the Vienna bridge, you are letting yourself be tricked by an aide-de-camp of the Emperor. Napoleon."]

Bonaparte's adjutant rode at full gallop with this menacing letter to Murat. Bonaparte himself, not trusting his generals, moved with all the Guards to the field of battle, afraid of letting a ready victim escape, while Bagration's detachment of four thousand men merrily lighted campfires, dried and warmed themselves, cooked their porridge for the first time in three days, and not one of the men in the detachment knew or thought of what was in store for him.